国家地理 2007十二月刊[图大杀猫猫]

2007-12-01<br>　　Honeybees, Maine, 2007<br>　　Photograph by Peter Essick<br>　　<br>　　Swarming honeybees, like these on Maine's Appledore Island, frequently differ about where to establish a new nest. But the group usually chooses the best site. Bees reach this decision by gathering information, conducting independent evaluations, and holding a kind of vote. Scientists are studying such swarm intelligence—note the yellow and blue identifier dots on the bees in this photo—for clues about how humans might manage complex systems, from truck routing to military robots. <br>　　<br>　　(Text adapted from and photo shot on assignment for "Swarm Theory," July 2007, National Geographic magazine) <br>　　<br>　　<br>　　由蜜蜂组成的群体，如图中缅因州阿普尔多尔岛上的这群，经常会对建巢的地点产生分歧。但它们一般都能选出最佳位置。蜜蜂们通过收集信息，开展独立评估以及进行某种表决来得出最后的决定。科学家们正在研究这种群体智能--如图中带有黄色和蓝色标识的蜜蜂，寻找某些相关线索，并以此推断人类应如何对复杂的系统进行操作，无论是运输路线还是军事机器人。<br><br><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/s/swarm-honeybees-maine-1074446-xl.jpg"> <br>
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2007-12-02<BR>　　Monaco Cathedral, Monaco, 1996<BR>　　Photograph by Jodi Cobb<BR>　　<BR>　　Built in 1875 from white stone from La Turbie, a French alpine village, the neo-Romanesque Monaco Cathedral houses the tombs of former princes and Princess Grace. Monaco occupies a rocky strip of land on France's Mediterranean coast, but its size belies its reputation as one of the world's most upscale resort destinations known for glitz, glamour, and the good life. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Monaco," May 1996, National Geographic magazine)<BR>　　<BR>　　图中这座新罗马式的摩纳哥大教堂建于1875年，由来自法国的阿尔卑斯山村杜尔比的白色石料建成，是以前的王子们和格蕾丝公主的墓地所在之处。摩纳哥在法国的地中海海岸上占据着一块崎岖狭长的土地，不过其声誉却与其国土面积刚好相反。这里是世界上消费最高的旅游胜地之一，以其浮华炫目的高品质生活而闻名于世。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/m/monaco-cathedral-500463-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-03<BR>　　Courtyard, Lucerne, Switzerland, 2003<BR>　　Photograph by Brooks Walker<BR>　　<BR>　　Switzerland's capital of dirndls and schnitzel, Lucerne is known for the Alpine charm of its snowcapped mountains, green vistas, and slice-of-life vignettes like this cobblestone courtyard. <BR>　　<BR>　　The city of 60,000 sits in the center of Switzerland at the northwest end of Lake Lucerne. Encircled by a photogenic range of mountains and bisected by the River Reuss, Lucerne is beloved for its storybook charm. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Living Lucerne," January/February 2003, National Geographic Traveler magazine) <BR>　　<BR>　　卢塞恩是瑞士的德式连衣裙和炸肉排之都，这里有着阿尔卑斯山独特的魅力：大雪覆盖的群山，绿叶青葱的景色，还有如图中铺有鹅卵石的小院这样的反应生活场景的装饰画。<BR>　　<BR>　　这座六万人口的小镇位于瑞士的中心，卢塞恩湖的西北端。卢塞恩四周环绕着风景优美的群山，坐落在罗伊斯河的两岸，因其充满童话色彩的魅力而深受游人喜爱。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/c/courtyard-lucerne-switzerland-722366-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-04<br>　　Coiled Jararaca Snake, Brazil, 2001<br>　　Photograph by George Grall<br>　　<br>　　A young jararaca snake lies coiled on a mossy piece of ground in the Brazilian rain forest. These venomous pit vipers, members of the lancehead, or fer-de-lance, family, are common throughout their range and are responsible for a large number of snakebites in Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina. <br>　　<br>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "The Fragile World of Frogs," May 2001, National Geographic magazine) <br>　　<br>　　在巴西的雨林中，一条年轻的垭拉拉卡蝰蛇正盘踞在长满苔藓的地上。这种剧毒的蝰蛇是矛头蛇的一种，在其分布地区十分常见，并在巴西，巴拉圭和阿根廷等地造成了大量的毒蛇咬伤事故。 <br>　　<br><br><img src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/j/jararaca-snake-brazil-678421-xl.jpg"> <br>

2007-12-05<BR>　　Car in Motion, Big Sur, California, 2000<BR>　　Photograph by Frans Lanting<BR>　　<BR>　　A car speeds past a rock formation on the roadside in Big Sur, California. Each year more than three million visitors navigate the treacherous turns of Highway 1 near Big Sur, drawn by the plunging gorges, fog-strewn coves, exploding surf, and tortuous geography—5,000-foot (1,524-meter) summits plummet abruptly to the ocean—of California's dramatic 90-mile (145-kilometer) coast. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Big Sur: California's Elemental Coast," August 2000, National Geographic magazine) <BR>　　<BR>　　在加州大索尔海岸，一辆汽车在路旁的岩层前疾驰而过。这里有着急转直下的峡谷，薄雾笼罩的海湾，汹涌澎湃的海浪，以及鬼斧神工的地形(直立在海面上5000英尺(1524米)高的峭壁)，吸引着每年超过三百万的游客被驱车驶过大索尔海岸附近的1号高速公路上的危机四伏的弯道，来到加州这片令人难忘的90英里(145公里)长的海岸线上。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/c/car-motion-california-697723-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-06<BR>　　Humpback Whale, South Africa, 2002<BR>　　Photograph by David Doubilet<BR>　　<BR>　　Forty tons of gleaming muscle, a humpback whale blasts out of the water near South Africa. Found in coastal waters worldwide, humpbacks are known for their magical songs, haunting sequences of moans, howls, cries, and other noises that often continue for hours on end. Scientists believe they communicate and attract mates through song. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Oceans of Plenty," August 2002, National Geographic magazine) <BR>　　<BR>　　在南非附近，一头有着四十吨力气的驼背鲸冲出了水面。驼背鲸常见于世界各地的沿岸水域，因其神奇的歌声而闻名，它们发出的一系列的呜咽声，嚎哭声，啜泣声以及其它各种声音常可持续的萦绕数小时。科学家们认为它们是在通过歌声进行交流和吸引配偶。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/l/leaping-humpback-whale-707643-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-07<BR>　　Insect Eaten Leaf, Puerto Rico, 2004<BR>　　Photograph by Peter Essick<BR>　　<BR>　　Light permeates an insect-eaten leaf in Caribbean National Forest, Puerto Rico. The only tropical rain forest in the United States' national forest system, Caribbean National Forest is a 28,000-acre (11,330-hectare) preserve to the east of the capital, San Juan. It receives, on average, a whopping 15 feet (4.5 meters) of rain each year. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "The Case of the Missing Carbon," February 2004, National Geographic magazine) <BR>　　<BR>　　在波多黎各的加勒比国家森林中，光线从昆虫噬咬过的叶子中透过。加勒比国家森林是美国国家森林系统中唯一的热带雨林，占地达28,000英亩(11,330公顷)，保护着首都圣胡安的东部地区。这里每年有着15英尺(4.5米)的庞大的降雨量。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/l/leaf-puerto-rico-746438-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-08<BR>　　Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 2000<BR>　　Photograph by James Stanfield<BR>　　<BR>　　Built as the hilltop home of Athens's patron goddess, Athena, the Acropolis—and its most famous structure, the Parthenon, at right—recall the classical area of the ancient city-state that witnessed a brilliant flowering of art, architecture, philosophy, and democracy in the fifth century B.C. Today, government, tourism, and shipping dominate the economy in Greece's modern-day capital. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Alexander the Conqueror," March 2000, National Geographic magazine) <BR>　　<BR>　　建立在山顶上的雅典的守护女神，雅典娜的神庙，还有雅典卫城及其位于图中右侧的最著名的建筑，帕台农神庙，都令人想起这座传统的古代城邦地区见证了在公元前五世纪曾绽放在这里的辉煌灿烂的艺术，建筑，哲学和民主。如今，政府部门，旅游业和运输业已成为希腊的现代首都的主要经济来源。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/acropolis-athens-greece-711916-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-09<BR>　　Striped Cricket on Leaf, Southeast Asia, 2001<BR>　　Photograph by Timothy Laman<BR>　　<BR>　　Stripes meet stars in this night shot of a cricket in a Southeast Asian forest. In jungles throughout the world, the sinking sun summons a menagerie of rarely seen creatures that slither, leap, and buzz while the forest's more familiar creatures sleep. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Text adapted from and photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Night Shift in the Rain Forest," October 2001, National Geographic magazine)<BR>　　<BR>　　<BR>　　在一片东南亚的森林里，星条交汇在这张蟋蟀的夜景照片中(译注：星条指代美国国旗)。无论世界上的任何丛林里，夕阳下沉之后，树林中较常见的生物沉睡之时，罕见的生物们便纷纷出来滑行，跳跃和蜂鸣。<BR>　　<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/s/striped-cricket-leaf-690558-xl.jpg">
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2007-12-10<BR>　　Fruit Bats at Dusk, Zambia, 2007<BR>　　Photograph by Frans Lanting<BR>　　<BR>　　Epauletted fruit bats speckle a saffron-colored sky at sunset in Zambia's Luangwa Valley. Millions of these bats come to roost in the valley's trees and feed off the explosion of fruits during the rainy season, when the Luangwa River overflows its banks and transforms the dry, dusty landscape into an emerald wildlife paradise. <BR>　　<BR>　　(Photo shot on assignment for, but not published in, "Waiting for Thunder," May 2007, National Geographic magazine)<BR>　　 <BR>　　在赞比亚的卢安瓜山谷里，肩毛果蝠在夕阳染成绛红色的天空下飞舞。在雨季，泛滥的卢安瓜河水将从两岸溢出，将这片炎热干燥，尘土飞扬的大地变成郁郁葱葱的野生动物天堂。届时数百万的蝙蝠来到山谷中的树上栖息，以数量剧增的水果为食。<BR><BR><IMG src="http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/f/fruit-bats-zambia-1064381-xl.jpg">
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